Ionic Bond
Bond formed by the attraction of two oppositely charged ions
Usually between metals have a positive charge when they bond because they give up electrons and non-metals have a negative charge as they obtain more electrons when bonding
Electrostatic forces (slow moving charges)
anions-negative charge(non-metals)
cations-positive charge(metals)
High melting points, dissolvable in water, conductors, high strength (these characteristics are alike the metallic bond characteristics because both bonds are strong)
Examples: salt-sodium chloride (NaCl), calcium carbonate (CaCO3), baking soda-sodium bicarbonate(NaC2)
Covalent Bond
Bond formed by the sharing of one or more electrons
Usually between two non-metals
Caused by van der Waals forces which are also used in ionic bonds
Low melting point, non-soluble in water, don’t conduct electricity, molecules, weaker bonds than ionic compounds and very often have a stronger scent (caused by weak bonds)
Examples: menthol (C10H20O), water (H20), ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4)
Metallic Bond
Between mobile electrons and fixed positive electrons
Two metals
High conductivity, malleability, luster, high melting points, strength
Electromagnetic forces
Examples: copper, sodium, zinc, lithium, magnesium, iron, calcium,
